Pulverizer



Jan. l, 1924 P. A. HIRSCH PULVERIZEH Filed July 3, 1922 wwf i Patented Jan. l, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,419,540 PATENT omer..

PAUL ARTHUR HIBSCE, F ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB T0 FUBNAUE ENGINEER- ING COMPANY, GF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF YORK.

PULVEBIZEB.

Application med July 8,

To ail whom it may rmwcrn.'

Be it known that I. PAUL A. Hinson, a 'itizen of Great Britain, residingr at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsyllfonia. have invented new and useful Improvements in Pulrerizers, ot which the following is a specification.

' This invention is an improvement in pulverizers. that is, machines for puli'erizm ing coal, ores.y etc. This inventionis particularly designed for pulverizers which are used for pnlveriziig fuel and deliveringr it directly to a furnace for consumption.

lt'ith such pulrerizers there is usually af' l draft of air.

The invention is shown applied to the general type of pulvcrizin apparatus illustrated by the patent of torer E-1,403 of February 28, 1882. in which there is a au rotary shaft at the center of a fixed cylindrical casing', and asucccssion of chambers within the casing, beaters or blades carried bv the shaft and operating in thc respective c ambcrs to reduce the material progres- 25 sively, with obstructing annular walls he-v twcen the chambers tending to hold back any large or heavy particles, and with airY and fuel admission at the first end, and

a fan in the final chamber operating to create air flow and todischarge the air and pulverizcd material, with reffulablc admission of additional air near the in a prior Patent No. 1,453,977 I suggested certain variations from Storers apparatus, namely,

roviding in the second or pulverixiug chami'ier a drum rotating with the shaft and of such diameter as to form a relatively narrow annular passage confining the whirling air and fuel. and arrangingihe pulverizing blades ata slant on the drum so as to accelerate the flow toward the usual tan near the discharge; also introducinga mesh screen in the annular wall between the first or crushing chamber and the second chamber to obstruct more effectively the passage of foreign material, such as bits of metal from the first chamber. These features I no longer employ, but resort to Storers basic form and modify the same along inde- 50 pendent lines.

' The general objects of the present invention are to secure a more cicient and satisfactory ulverizing machine; to secure'a more uniform and thorough pulverization, giving a product of ner quality; to prevent 1992. Serial No. 572,531.

the -delivery of particles not completely pulverized, to increase speed and out ut and enable reduction of floor space; an p gord a machine of better durability and Other features and details will appear from the specification and claims.

o the accomplishment of the stated objects and advantages, the present invention consists in the novel pulverizin` machine herein illustrated and describe and the novel features of combination, construction and detail as hereinafterreferred to.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows ig. 1 shows a side elevation,

radial section.

Fig. 2 a section on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 a section on the line 3% in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 a section on the line 4-4 in Fig. 1.

1 marks the base, 2 posts extending upwardly from the base, 3 an operating shaft journaled in bearings 2 in the posts 2, and

partly in lcarrying a driving means or pulley 3", 4

represents a drum havin linings 4 cn- 'closing the respective rye urinar chambers.

5 posts carrying the drum, 6 a breaker chamber in which the coal is first crushed, Vand 7 and 7a pulverizing chambers as they are usually called in machines of this type.

Fuel is introduced in the hopper 8 and passes through an opening' 8 to the breaker chamber 6. The. breaker chamber comprises breaker paddles 9 which are secured to a disc 10, the disc being secured to a hub 11 xed on the shaft 3.

Pulvorizer beaters are arranged in theI chamber 7, these having` the beater paddles 12 secured to .discs 13. The discs are secured to hubs ifi-which are fixed on the shaft 3. A beater 'comprising paddles 15 are ar-v range-d inthe chamber the paddles being secured to a disc 16, the.disc beingr secured to a hub 17 fixed on the shaft 3. v A discharge opening 18 leads from the pulverizer chamber 7'1 to a fan chamber 19 in which there is arranged a fan 20, the fan dis-' charging through an opening 21. Supplemental air isdelivered to the anrchamher through an opening 22 in the end of the drum. This opening may be controlled by a shutter 23 controlled by a screw 24.

Av plate 25 forms a restricting device between the breaker chamber 6 and the chamber 7. This restricting plate or partition to i los

makes the opening 26 between the breaker chamber and pulverizing chamber of less diameter preferably than the inner edge of the paddles 9 and of a less diameter than the diameter ot the disc 10 and disc 13.

In order to obstruct the rotary movement of the material I provide preferably between the chambers 7 and 7" radially and axially arranged blades 27 which prevent a movement of the material in a whirling or circumferential direction passing from one chamber to the other. I provide similar blades 28 between the chamber if andthe fan chamber, in fact the blades 28 are the more important in that it is only necessary to'prevent the final discharge of the fuel in an unpulverized state.

W'hile l have shown the blades extending in a direct radial direction 1 do not wish to be understood as being limited to blades which extend accurately in a radial direction as this may be varied as desired. They need not be straight and may extend from the periphery entirely to the shaft or somewhat short of it. They may be welded or otherwise attached at their outer ends to the elements 18, 29 or-BO. and may have their inner ends steadied by a short sleeve as shown.

The chief feature of novelty of the present, invention is the introduction of the whirl obstructing members, vanes 0r spokes, located in advance of the fan. but beyond one or more ot thc reducing devices, serving` to prevent..bbstruct or substantially eliminate the whirling motion, and compel a generally axial motion ot' the air and carried matters forA the lineal extent of the whirl obstructing elements. Referring, forl example. to the whirlobstructing elements or varies 28 beyond the last. of the pulverifingr chambers or spaces and in advance of the fan, these perform a very important function. The v are preferably fixed with relation to the outer casing, and are `so shown. although the principle of operation would not be changed if they were permitted to rotate in a slow manner or reverse direction, in view of the tremendously high speed ol thc pulveriviing elements. 1n their preferred forni the whirl obstructing elementsV are vanos, spokes` plates or bars, :1nd having substantial extent in an axial direction.I so that the whirling air and cnrried materials, in order to pass from the pulver-ming;r chamber to the fan chamber, must cease whirlingr as they traverse the non-central axially extendingl passages existing between the. obstructing` vanos or strips. 'lhe preciso 'orni und dispositlon ot" the whirl obstructingl vanos 2H are not important so long as linv atlord these nout'onrentric passages lwtucon tu'o chambers and of .sulliricnt axial (stent to prevent: whirling; the),y may be arranged as spokes durability,to them and in straight radial lines as indicatedin Fig. 3, o r otherwise, and their longitudinal d1- rection may be parallel to the axis as shown, or otherwise. In operation the gases whirling at high speed are suddenly compelled to adapt themselves to the conditions created by the whirl obstructing elements, the Whirling rotation substantially ceasing the air passing forward to the next chamber, and the particles `of material in the air striking the lateral surfaces of the vanes with very high impact, giving an extremely effective and tine degree of pulverization. Indeed a great part 'of the pulverizing duty is taken by these stationary vanes, and to a large extent the rotary beaters or paddles are relieved of the duty, thus giving greater longer life to the apparatus. The amount of pulverizing action taking place in my apparatus is greatly increased by this improvement, and the pulverizing rendered far more thorough. Finely pulverized matters will pass forwardly with the air to the fan chamber, but it is believed that any substantial particles which are not thoroughly reduced in the described impact are caught in a reverse swirl and blown back into the pulverizing chamber, to be'again subjected to the action therein and to further impact upon the whirl obstructinv elements, giving maximum reduction be ore any material can pass into the fan chamber and he discharged. The principles described apply also to the whirl obstructors 27 between two of the reducing chambers, and in addition is atlorded turA ther pulverizing action by the fart that the gases enter the second chamber in nonwhirling condition and are compelled to be speeded up by the reducing elements, giving increased beating impact at this point.

The features thus described are Well adapted to increasedspeeds of rotation. Indeed the higher the speed the more effective the operation of this improvement. Vith increase of speed the number of crushing and pulverizing elements can be reduced. so that a much smaller apparatus can be made, occupying less floor space, operating at high speed, delivering increased quantities of pulverized fuel, and with a greater degree of fineness of pulverization.

The herein described structure may be supplemented in many ways by details and refinements which suggest themselves or are suggestedby prior structures. For example, between the first and second pulverizing chambers 7 and i" may be arranged annular plates 29 restricting the diameter of the outlet or passage 18 l rom one chamber to the next. Structnrally these ma Y be combined with the obstructing vanos 2 Similarly in the passage 18 from the tinal chamber 7 to the fau may be annular plates 3() adjacent to the obstructing varies or blades rota:

28. Circumerentially outside of the roducing elements may be provided fixed ribs 3l cooperating in the reducing action, as seen in the lower part of Fig. 2, where they are indicated as attached to one of the linings ela.

.Since many matters of combination, ar rangement, design, structure and detail may be variously modified without departing from the principals hereof it is not intended to limit the invention to such matters except so far as specified in the appended claims.

l/Vhat 1 claim as new is:

l. In a pulverizer, the combination of a pnlverizer chamber having an axial discharge from the chamber; rotary beaters in the chamber; and wide thin vanes arranged lor obstructing;r a rotary movement of the material during its discharge from the chamber without at the same time materially increasing the axial speed of flow.

2. In a puivcrizer, the combination of a pulverizer chamber having an axial discharge from vthe chamber; rotary beaters in the chamber; and means obstructing a rotary movement.- of the material during its discharge from the chamber comprising a number of spaced apart bladedike venes arranged not to materially obstruct axial HOW.

3. n a pulvcriz'er, the combination of a pulverizer chamber havingr an axial discharge trom the chamber; rotary beaters in the chamber; and means obstructing a. rotary movement of the material during its d ischarge from the chamber comprising relatively stationary bladedke vanes arranged substantially axially and spaced apart to torni flow spaces between them of greater area than the sections ot' the blades.

fl. ln a pulrerizer, the combination of a pulverizer cliamber; a plurality of rotary beaters arrangbd in the chamber; and between the beaters obstructing a y movement of the material in passing from one beater to the other comprising a number of bladelike varies sety edgewise to the axial direction and of substantial axial dimension. i

5. In a pulverizer. the combination of a pulvcrizrr chamber having an axial discharge: a plurality of rotary heaters spaced apart. axially in the chamber; means arranged in the chamber between the beaters nl, `riictin;r a rotary movement of the material as it passes from one beater to the other; and means obstructing a rotary movement oi the material during' its disclrarije from thechamher. said obstructing means comprising wide thin vanes arranged to gire such obstrnctionjvithout materially incrcazlaingr the axial speed of flow.

6. In .a pulver-icing machine a casing containing one or more reducing chambers, re-

ducing members in each chamber and means for rotating the same at. high speed, and whirl obstructing elements at the dischar ye of' a chamber comprising relatively thin vanes or blades yarranged with substantial .axial dimension.

7. Machine as in claim 6 and wherein means are employed to cause air 'progress axially through the casing, and wherein the whirl obstructing elements are wide flat vanes arranged to afford non-concentric axial passages in the discharge from a chamber.

8. In a pu-lverizing machine a casing containing one or more reducing chambers, reducting members in each chamber and means for rotating the same at high speed, and whirl obstructing elements at the discharge of a chamber comprising wide thin vanes extending from substantially the center of the casing to the periphery.

9. A pulverizing machine comprising a casing containing a succession of chambers or reducing spaces, a centrally arranged shaft adapted to high speed rotation, reducing elements on said shaft operating in a plurality of said chambers, a fan chamber containing afan and arranged to draw air from a reducing chamber, and whirl obstructing means between two adjacent reducing chambers comprising elements of such small dimension transverse to the axial direction as not materially to speed up the axial flow, and of relatively large' dimension in an axial direction.

10. A pulverizing machine comprising a. casing containing a succession of chambers or reducing,r spaces, a centrally arranged substantially horizontal shaft therein adapt ed to high speed rotation, reducing elements on said shaft operating in a plurality of said chambers, a fan chamber containing a fan and arranged `to draw air from a reducinagr chamber. and' whirl obstructing means between thgl fan chamber and an adjacent reducing chamber.

11. A pulverizingi machine comprising a casing containing a succession of chambers or reducingr spares.y a Asubstantially horizontal shaft therein adapted to high speed rotation` reducingr elements on said shaft operating;r in a plurality of said chambers, a fan chamber containing a fan and -arranged to draw air from a reducing chamber, and whirl obstructing means between twoV adjacent reducing chambers. and between the fan chamber and an adjacent reducing chamber. y

12. In a pulverizing machines. relatively fixed drum, a rotatable shaft therein. reducing paddles rotating with said shaft adapted to impart rotary motion to the air and solid material therein, and a. system of out,- wardly extending elements arranged within the drum to obstruct the rotary motion of 

